Many women prefer straight or silky hair. It has a nice sheen to it and is simple to keep clean. Wavy and curly hair is very lovely, but they require regular attention. Even though a consistent hair care regimen can assist, not all of us have time to nourish the hair with oil sessions and hair treatments. This is why hair smoothing and straightening treatments assist you in changing the structure of your tresses and make them more manageable. Although both treatments give you smoother hair, there is a little variation between them. Hair straightening originated before hair smoothing. Hair straightening was first performed on African hair. This treatment was created to help those with shaggy hair, but it immediately became fashionable. Hair smoothing, often known as Brazilian keratin treatment or Brazilian blowout, was invented in Brazil in 2003. There is a slew of other distinctions between these two techniques. Continue reading to learn more.
What Is Hair Straightening?
There are two types of hair straightening treatments: permanent and temporary. Temporary straightening is done with heat styling tools like hot irons or hot combs. Here, functioning cohesive and adhesive forces work in a highly viscous system to keep the fibers parallel. The straight hair you get as a result of these procedures is temporary. Your hair goes back to its natural texture when you wash it. Permanent hair straightening is a process by which the structure of your hair is altered to give you pin-straight hair. The chemical relaxers used in this process permanently break the bonds in your hair shaft. Heat is applied to restructure your hair, and more chemicals are used to seal the newly formed bonds. The alkaline agent in the chemical relaxer breaks the keratin bonds in curly/wavy hair to stretch and smoothen them (1).
How Does It Work?
Alkaline straighteners contain 1–10% sodium hydroxide (lye-relaxer), lithium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or a combination of these ingredients. The high pH of these chemicals helps open the cuticle scales and penetrate into the hair fibers. When these chemicals come in contact with the cortex, they react with keratin to break and rearrange the disulfide bridges to stretch them out, thus giving you straight hair (1). While this process causes more damage than hair smoothing, it can straighten even the curliest of hair and is permanent. Thus, the treated hair remains straight until your natural hair grows out (1). Permanent hair straightening is also known as ‘Japanese straightening.’
When Can You Choose This Method?
Hair straighteners work on all hair types, from wavy to kinky curly hair. Depending on the hair texture, the procedure will need to be repeated every 8-12 weeks. One important thing to remember is that permanent straightening uses hydroxides or thioglycolate that are incompatible with bleached hair.
Side Effects Of Hair Straightening
What Is Hair Smoothing?
Hair smoothing is a temporary treatment that is considered to be a procedure under hair straightening by some people. The process involves saturating your hair with a formaldehyde solution followed by drying it out and using a flat iron to lock your hair in a straight position (1). However, the chemicals used for hair smoothing are not as strong as the ones used in hair straightening treatments. This makes this treatment less damaging. But it is not ideal for all hair types. Brazilian keratin treatment has become popular because the procedure is compatible with bleached hair and gives the hair a naturally smooth, shiny look, which is impossible to acquire with chemical relaxers.
How Does It Work?
First, a formaldehyde solution is applied to the hair. The water in the solution breaks the hydrogen bonds of the keratin molecule. It is then blow-dried straight (a flat iron can also be used). The newly redesigned keratin remains straight because the formaldehyde crosslinks the keratin filaments in perfect alignment. This makes the hair comparatively straighter and shiny (1).
When Can You Choose This Method?
The effects of hair smoothing last between 2 to 5 months. It is primarily recommended for hair that is wavy or frizzy. This is because it does not so much alter the structure of your hair so much as it aligns it. The treatment is not likely to be very effective on hair that is extremely thick or curly.
Side Effects Of Hair Smoothing
Earlier, when formaldehyde was used in the Brazilian keratin treatment (BKT), consumers complained of burning eyes, strong smell, and burning mouth and nose. However, the ingredients are not formaldehyde- or glutaraldehyde-based. Formaldehyde-releasers, such as methylene glycol or glyoxylic acid, are used now (1). BKT (hair smoothing) uses formaldehyde releasers. Formaldehyde has been associated with reactions, such as eye problems, nervous system problems (for example, headaches and dizziness), respiratory tract problems, nausea, chest pain, vomiting, and rashes (2).
A study showed that formaldehyde could increase the risk of developing asthma (3). The excessive use of heat (flat iron) in hair smoothing can damage your hair (1).
Note: African people’s hair has less volume and density compared to Caucasian people’s hair. Their hair is also more prone to breakage and dryness as their scalp produces lesser sebum. Thus, when they straighten their hair, it can look like they are experiencing hair loss (1).
Why Hair Smoothing Over Hair Straightening?
This decision is simply based on the client’s hair type and desired result. Most people want a natural finish without their hair looking pin straight. Hair smoothing, although temporary, serves this purpose with less damage. The highlight of hair smoothing is that it can be done on bleached, permanently dyed, and relaxed hair. It is also great for improving shine and softness (1). With hair straightening, the hair bonds need to be broken and then rebuilt. This causes a certain amount of hair damage. While your hair can be repaired, it will need intensive care and regular touch-ups and trims when the natural hair starts to grow back (1).
Why Hair Straightening Over Hair Smoothing?
While frizz can be tamed with hair smoothing, it does not do much for straightening really curly hair. Hair straightening is preferred when dealing with difficult hair types like thick and kinky hair when the client desires straight hair. While smoothing your hair can transform your curls into frizz-less waves, the chances of it going straight are poor. You are more likely to get the results you desire when you choose to straighten your hair permanently. Note: Check if you have any chemical allergies, hair loss issues, or any other serious conditions before getting any of these hair treatments. Get a hair test done at a salon. If you experience any discomfort or hair breakage, consult a doctor before you proceed any further. So, what should you go for?
Hair Smoothing Vs. Hair Straightening – The Final Verdict
Both these procedures have their advantages and setbacks. Both of them have to be done at a salon by trained hairdressers. Remember, both procedures require regular upkeep to maintain the obtained hair texture and structure. Before making your decision, here are some questions you need to ask yourself:
Do you want a treatment that is permanent or temporary? Do you want pin-straight hair or something that looks more natural? Are you just trying to battle frizz or is straight hair the end goal?
These are some of the questions you can ask yourself to decide which treatment is likely the best option for you. Repeated chemical treatments can damage hair. How can you protect your hair after these procedures? Here’s how!
Hair Maintenance For Smoothened Or Straightened Hair
Use silicone-based hair care products to rejuvenate your hair. They are known to protect the hair shaft from abrasive actions and increase its thickness (1). Massage your hair and scalp with oil (coconut, sunflower, mineral oils). A study has shown that coconut oil can reduce protein loss in damaged hair (4). Use a leave-in conditioner and hair masks to hydrate and strengthen your hair. Limit the use of heat styling tools on your hair for the first few weeks until your hair regains its moisture and strength.
Which is better: keratin treatment, smoothing, or straightening? All these treatments ensure shiny, straight hair. However, the end result of each of them varies according to your hair type and your styling requirements. Therefore, you need to consult an expert and consider all your options depending on your specific needs. Does hair smoothening damage hair? Yes. Repeated smoothening damages the hair. The chemicals and heat involved in the process attack the hair follicles and weaken the hair shaft, leading to breakage and hair fall. You may try it 2-3 times a year, but anything more than that will ruin your hair. Can I tie my hair after 3 days of smoothening? Yes. You may tie your hair 3-4 days after smoothening. Until then, leave your hair untied to prevent dents in your hair. Do not let water touch it, and be careful while sleeping. Can I use normal shampoo after smoothening? No. You may use a sulfate-free shampoo to wash your hair 3-4 days after smoothening. Can we apply curd on smoothened hair? Yes. You can apply curd and other natural hair masks on smoothened hair.
